Applying Decision Research to Improve Clinical Outcomes, Psychological Assessment, and Clinical Prediction - David Faust, Hal R. Arkes, Charles E. Gaudet

Applying Decision Research to Improve Clinical Outcomes, Psychological Assessment, and Clinical Prediction

Buch | Softcover
392 Seiten
2024
Oxford University Press Inc (Verlag)
978-0-19-769423-7 (ISBN)
52,35 inkl. MwSt
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Mental health professionals often make explicit or implicit predictions involving crucial matters--Is a client at risk for self-harm or harming others? What treatment approach is most likely to be successful? Has a child been subjected to sexual or physical abuse? Decision research has particularly strong applied use for improving the accuracy of such determinations; unfortunately this work has not been broadly disseminated in the mental health field.

Applying Decision Research to Improve Clinical Outcomes, Psychological Assessment, and Clinical Prediction introduces graduate students and practitioners in the mental health field to research, knowledge, and practical strategies that can enhance diagnostic and predictive accuracy and thereby improve client care. Major chapters of the book address well-established, but often under-recognized, principles and procedures for improving the integration of clinical data and interpretive accuracy; the differentiation between seemingly accurate but illusory, as opposed to genuine, associations between signs, symptoms, and outcomes; and the minimization of impediments to accurate decision making. The authors merge applied clinical tasks in the mental health field with decision research and cognitive psychology to suggest ways in which prediction, diagnosis, and assessment can be accomplished with greater efficacy and precision.

David Faust, PhD is Professor, Department of Psychology and Fellow of the Ryan Institute of Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island; Affiliate Professor, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Hal R. Arkes, PhD is Emeritus Professor of Psychology, Ohio State University; Associate, Harding Center for Risk Literacy Charles E. Gaudet, PhD is Fellow, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital

Part I: Introduction and Foundations

Chapter 1 The Benefits of Decision Research for Clinical Practice: Framing the Issues

Chapter 2 Avoiding Unnecessary Error

Part II: Gathering, Appraising, and Integrating Information

Chapter 3 Assessing Whether Clinical Variables Are Related: The Important Task of Covariation Estimation

Chapter 4 Confirmation Bias

Chapter 5 Impediments to Accurate Decision Making

Chapter 6 Base Rates: One of the Diagnostician's and Prognosticator's Greatest Allies

Chapter 7 The Integration of Information: Strengths and Limits

Chapter 8 Comparing Clinical Judgment and Statistical Decision Methods

Chapter 9 Research on Racial/Ethnic Biases and Professional Judgment: Errors in Cold Cognition, Hot Cognition, and Interconnections with Decision Research

Chapter 10 The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Decision Making: Current Status, Potential Advantages and Limits, Future Prospects

Part III: Corrective Methods and Strategies

Chapter 11 Overconfidence and the Limits of Experience

Chapter 12 The Limits of Insight Alone; Need for Active Steps, and Use of Debiasing Strategies

Chapter 13 Approaches for Improving Information Gathering, Appraising the Utility of Information, and Combining and Interpreting Information

Appendices

Appendix 1 A sampling of base rate sources

Appendix 2 Base rate nomogram

Appendix 3 Examples of combining base rates with other diagnostic signs, indicators, and test results

Appendix 4 A sampling of recent publications in five areas of machine learning and artificial intelligence related to applied clinical practice

Appendix 5 Practice Cases and Clinical Scenarios

Appendix 6 Checklists/Guidelines

Erscheinungsdatum
Verlagsort New York
Sprache englisch
Maße 235 x 157 mm
Gewicht 572 g
Themenwelt Geisteswissenschaften Psychologie Klinische Psychologie
Geisteswissenschaften Psychologie Test in der Psychologie
ISBN-10 0-19-769423-3 / 0197694233
ISBN-13 978-0-19-769423-7 / 9780197694237
Zustand Neuware
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