Mobile Positioning and Tracking – From Conventional to Cooperative Solutions

Dr Simone Frattasi, Aalborg University, Denmark Dr Frattasi has been working at Aalborg University since 2002. In November 2007, he joined the Radio Access Technology (RATE) section, where he is currently the project leader of an industrial project (LA-TDD) in collaboration with Nokia Siemens Networks. His research interests mainly include: cooperation in wireless networks; link layer techniques; wireless location; quality of service mechanisms; next generation wireless services and ahrchitectures; user perspectives and sociological dimensions related to the evolution of technology and society. Mr Joao Figueiras, Aalborg University, Denmark Mr Figueiras has been employed at the Department of Electronic Systems, Networking and Security Group, Aalborg University as a PhD student under a project named: Wireless Access Network Devices & Applications (WANDA). During his PhD he has been a short-term research visitor at the Electrical Engineering Department of UCLA, CA, USA and at the Mobile Team at Google Inc, Mountain View, USA. He is been an active member of IEEE. His major activity concerns management and organization of a technical conference aiming at students, AISPC'08.

About the Authors Preface List of Abbreviations 1 Introduction 1.1 Application Areas of Positioning (Chapter 2) 1.2 Basics of Wireless Communications for Positioning (Chapter 3) 1.3 Fundamentals of Positioning (Chapter 4) 1.4 Data Fusion and Filtering Techniques (Chapter 5) 1.5 Fundamentals of Tracking (Chapter 6) 1.6 Error Mitigation Techniques (Chapter 7) 1.7 Positioning Systems and Technologies (Chapter 8.4) 1.8 Cooperative Mobile Positioning (Chapter 9) 2 Application Areas of Positioning 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Localization Framework 2.3 Location-Based Services 2.4 Location-Based Network Optimization 2.5 Conclusions 3 Basics of Wireless Communications for Positioning 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Radio Propagation 3.3 Multiple Antennas Techniques 3.4 Modulation and Multiple Access Techniques 3.5 Radio Resource Management and Mobile Positioning 3.6 Cooperative Communications 3.7 Cognitive Radio and Mobile Positioning 3.8 Conclusions 4 Fundamentals of Positioning 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Classification of Positioning Infrastructures 4.3 Types of Measurements and Methods for their Estimation 4.4 Positioning Techniques 4.5 Positioning Error Sources 4.6 Metrics of Location Accuracy 4.7 Conclusions 5 Data Fusion and Filtering Techniques 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Least Square Methods 5.3 Bayesian Filtering 5.4 Estimating Model Parameters and Biases on Observations 5.5 Alternative Approaches 5.6 Conclusion 6 Fundamentals of Tracking 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Impact of User Mobility on Positioning 6.3 Mobility Models 6.4 Tracking Moving Devices 6.5 Conclusions 7 Error Mitigation Techniques 7.1 Introduction 7.2 System Model 7.3 Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) Scenarios: Fundamental Limits and Maximum Likelihood (ML) Solutions 7.4 Least Square Techniques for NLOS Localization 7.5 Constraint-Based Techniques for NLOS Localization 7.6 Robust Estimators for NLOS Localization 7.7 Identify and Discard Techniques for NLOS Localization 7.8 Conclusions 8 Positioning Systems and Technologies 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Satellite Positioning 8.3 Cellular Positioning 8.4 Wireless Local/Personal Area Network Positioning 8.5 Ad-Hoc Positioning 8.6 Hybrid Positioning 8.7 Conclusions 9 Cooperative Mobile Positioning 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Cooperative Localization 9.3 Cooperative Data Fusion and Filtering Techniques 9.4 COMET: Cooperative Mobile Positioning System 9.5 Conclusions Bibliography Index