Implementing 802.11, 802.16, and 802.20 Wireless Networks (eBook)

Cover 1
Table of contents 6
Preface 10
Introduction 14
1 High-Speed Wireless Data: System Types, Standards-Based and Proprietary Solutions 22
Fixed Networks 25
Nomadic Networks 26
Mobile Networks 27
Standards-Based Solutions and Proprietary Solutions 27
Overview of the IEEE 802.11 Standard 28
Overview of the IEEE 802.16 Standard 35
10Š66 GHz Technical Standards 37
2Š11 GHz Standards 37
Overview of the IEEE 802.20 Standard 38
Proprietary Solutions 39
2 Basic Radio and RF Concepts 46
RF Energy 48
RF Generation and Transmission 51
Oscillator 51
Power Amplifiers 55
Antennas and Feedlines 56
RF Reception 62
Modulation of RF Signals 65
Amplitude Modulation 65
Frequency Modulation 67
Complex Modulation 68
Duplexing 75
Frequency Division Duplexing 75
Time Division Duplexing 76
Multiple Access Techniques 76
Spread-Spectrum Modulation 79
OFDM 83
Ultra Wideband 85
3 Propagation, Path Loss, Fading and Link Budgets 88
Path Loss and System Coverage 100
Frequency Reuse 106
4 Propagation Modeling and Measuring 114
Predictive Modeling Tools 116
Spreadsheet Models 117
Terrain-Based Models 118
Effectively Using a Propagation Analysis Program 119
Using a Predictive Model 125
The Comprehensive Site Survey Process 127
Survey Activity Outline 131
Identification of Requirements 133
Identification of Equipment Requirements 134
The Physical Site Survey 135
Determination of Antenna Locations 136
RF Site Survey Tools 138
The Site Survey Checklist 140
The RF Survey 141
Data Analysis 144
5 System Planning 150
System Design Overview 152
Location and Real Estate Considerations 153
System Selection Based Upon User Needs 160
Identification of Equipment Requirements 161
Identification of Equipment Locations 164
Channel Allocation, Signal-to-Interference, and Reuse Planning 172
Network Interconnect and Point-to-Point Radio Solutions 176
Costs 180
The Five C’s of System Planning 180
6 System Implementation, Testing and Optimization 182
Real-World Design Examples 184
Example One: Local Coffee House 184
Example Two: Office LAN Deployment 186
2.4 GHz RF Coverage Results 190
5.6 GHz RF Coverage Results 191
Capacity Requirements 192
System Design Analysis 192
NEC, Fire, and Safety Code Concerns 195
Example Three: Community WISP 197
Community: A Garden Style Apartment Complex 198
RF Considerations 199
Backhaul 202
Weatherproofing 204
Grounding and Lightning Protection 205
Community: A Small Area Subdivision 206
Equipment Selection 206
System Planning 208
Community: An Urban or Suburban Area Serving Business Users 209
Spectrum Issues 209
Design Considerations 211
Community: A Small Town System for Consumer and Business Users 212
Summary 212
Example Four: Mobile Broadband Network 213
Initial Modeling 213
Preliminary Information 214
Coverage Modeling 215
Capacity Modeling 215
Cost Modeling 216
Designing in the Real World 216
Chapter Summary 218
7 Back Office System Requirements 220
Network Systems Required 222
Customer Authorization System 223
Billing Data Collection 224
Network Monitoring and Control 224
Billing System 225
Trouble Ticketing 226
Customer Service Systems 227
Design Considerations and Requirements 229
8 Network Performance Testing and Troubleshooting 232
Low RSSI and Noise Levels in a Single Area 236
High Noise or Interference Levels 237
Throughput Problems Unrelated to Signal or Noise 239
Repeater Mode 240
Multiple Channel Reuse in a Close Area 241
Near/Far Problems 241
Hidden Node Problems 241
Client Card RoamŽ 242
Viruses and Trojans 242
Troubleshooting Summary 243
About the Author 244
List of Acronyms 246
Index 250