Distributed Computer Control Systems 1995 (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Distributed Computer Control Systems 1995 (DCCS'95) 2
Copyright Page 3
Table of Contents 6
WORKSHOP ON DISTRIBUTED COMPUTER CONTROL SYSTEMS 1995 4
CHAPTER 1. AN APPROACH DESIGNING PARALLEL SOFTWARE FOR DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEMS 10
1. INTRODUCTION 10
2. BASIC CONCEPTS 11
3. TRANSFORMATION 11
4. IMPLEMENTATION 13
5. CONCLUSION 14
6. REFERENCES 14
CHAPTER 2. MULTIAGENT-BASED CONTROL SYSTEMS: AN HYBRID APPROACH TO DISTRIBUTED PROCESS CONTROL 16
1. INTRODUCTION 16
2. AGENTS DESCRIPTION 17
3. MIX MULTIAGENT PLATFORM 17
4. AN APPLICATION: ECONOMIC CONTROL OF A FOSSIL POWER PLANT 18
5. ADL AND CKRL SPECIFICATION 19
6. CONCLUSIONS 19
7. REFERENCES 20
APPENDIX: ADL AND CKRL FILES 21
CHAPTER 3. ON THE MODELLING OF DISTRIBUTED REAL-TIME CONTROL APPLICATIONS 22
1. INTRODUCTION 22
2. CHARACTERISTICS OF REAL-TIME CONTROL APPLICATIONS 22
3. APPLICABILITY OF PROPOSED MODELS FOR REAL-TIME CONTROL SYSTEMS 24
4. MODELLING EXTENSIONS FOR REAL-TIME CONTROL APPLICATIONS 25
5. CONCLUSIONS 27
6.REFERENCES 27
CHAPTER 4. TEMPORAL VALIDATION OF DISTRIBUTED COMPUTER CONTROL SYSTEMS 28
1. INTRODUCTION 28
2. FEATURES OF A TESTING DEVICE 29
3. HARDWARE OF THE TEST DEVICE 29
4. SOFTWARE OF THE TEST DEVICE 32
5. HIGH-PRECISION TIMING 32
6. CONCLUSION 32
7. REFERENCES 33
CHAPTER 5. MODELLING AND VERIFYING TIMING PROPERTIES IN DISTRIBUTED COMPUTER CONTROL SYSTEMS 34
1. INTRODUCTION 34
2. REPRESENTING TIME 34
3. IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS 36
4. DISTRIBUTED REAL-TIME CONTROL EXAMPLE 37
5. CONCLUSIONS 39
6. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 39
7. REFERENCES 39
CHAPTER 6. ON THE DUALITY BETWEEN EVENT-DRIVEN AND TIME-DRIVEN MODELS 40
1. INTRODUCTION 40
2. THE STORY OF JOHN AND MARY 41
3. PROGRAMMING PARADIGMS 42
4. REACTIVE AGENTS 42
5. CONTROL MACHINES 43
6. A UNIFIED CONTROL MACHINE 43
7. CONCLUSIONS 44
REFERENCES 45
CHAPTER 7. DYNAMIC TASK MAPPING FOR REAL-TIME CONTROLLER OF DISTRIBUTED COOPERATIVE ROBOT SYSTEMS 46
1. INTRODUCTION 46
2. BOTTLENECK OF INTELLIGENT CONTROL 46
3. STATE OF THE ART 46
4. THE ADAPTIVE CONTROL STRUCTURE 47
5. MPLEMEJNTTATION ASPECTS 48
6. DYNAMIC TASK MAPPING 48
7. EXPERIMENTS 49
8. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK 51
9. ACKNOWLEDGMENT 51
REFERENCES 51
CHAPTER 8. PROGRAMMING APPROACHES FOR DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEMS 52
1 INTRODUCTION 52
2 GENERAL DESIGN MODEL 52
3 REQUIREMENTS 53
4 APPROACHES 53
5 COMPARISON AND CONCLUSIONS 57
6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 57
REFERENCES 57
CHAPTER 9. DISTRIBUTED HARD-REAL-TIME SYSTEMS: FROM SPECIFICATION TO REALIZATION 58
1. INTRODUCTION 58
2. MODELLING 60
3. R.S.D.T. PRESENTATION 61
4. CONCLUSION 63
REFERENCES 63
CHAPTER 10. HEURISTICS FOR SCHEDULING PERIOFIC COMPLEX REAL-TIME TASKS IN A DISTRIBUTED SYSTEM 64
1. PRESENTATION 64
2. THE MODEL 64
3. THE ALGORITHMS 65
4. RESULTS OF SIMULATIONS 67
5. CONCLUSION 68
6. REFERENCES 69
CHAPTER 11. ALPHA MESSAGE SCHEDULING FOR OPTIMIZING COMMUNICATION LATENCY IN DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS 70
1. INTRODUCTION 70
2. ASUMPTIONS AND INVESTIGATION 70
3. FIFO SCHEDULING 70
4. ROUND ROBIN 71
5. SHORTEST FIRST 71
6. ALPHA SCHEDULING STRATEGY 71
7. SIMULATION AND RESULTS 72
8. AN ANALYSIS OF LARGE ALPHA 73
9. USING ALPHA AS A PRIORITY SCHEME 74
10. ENSURING IN-ORDER DELIVERY OF MESSAGES 74
11. ADVERSARY APPLICATIONS 74
12. TRACKING ALPHA 75
13. CONCLUSION 75
14. REFERENCES 75
CHAPTER 12. PREEMPTIVE AND NON-PREEMPTIVE REAL-TIME SCHEDULING BASED ON NEURAL NETWORKS 76
1. INTRODUCTION 76
2. HOPFIELD'S NEURAL NETWORKS AND TAGGLIARINTS RULE 77
3. PREEMPTIVE TASKS SCHEDULING 78
4. NON-PREEMPTIVE TASKS SCHEDULING 78
5. EXAMPLE OF NON-PREEMPTIVE SCHEDULING 79
6. CONCLUSION 80
REFERENCES 81
CHAPTER 13. Co-specifications for Co-design in Avionics Systems Development 82
1. Introduction 82
2. The Hardware-Software Co-design Methodology 82
3. Co-specifications of Avionics 83
4. Composing Partial Specifications 84
5. Conclusions 84
Acknowledgement 85
References 85
CHAPTER 14. TRANSPUTER CONTROL SYSTEM WITH A GAs MOTION PLANNER FOR THE PUMA560 INDUSTRIAL ROBOTIC MANIPULATOR 86
1. INTRODUCTION 86
2. PUMA INTERFACE ALTERNATIVES 87
3. THE PUMA TRANSPUTER INTERFACE BOARD 87
4. THE NEW CONTROL SYSTEM SOFTWARE 88
5. PUMA MOTION PLANNING USING GAs 89
6. CONCLUSION REMARKS 91
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 91
REFERENCES 91
CHAPTER 15. AUTOMATED CLIENT_SERVER CODE GENERATION FROM OBJECT ORIENTED DESIGNS USING HOOD4™ 92
1. INTRODUCTION 92
2. HOOD4 TARGET CODE GENERATION 92
3. DEVELOPING CLIENT_SERVER APPLICATIONS WITH HOOD4 96
4. CONCLUSION 97
5. REFERENCES 97
CHAPTER 16. TEMPORAL PROPERTIES IN DISTRIBUTED REAL-TIME APPLICATIONS COOPERATION MODELS AND COMMUNICATION TYPES 98
1. INTRODUCTION 98
2. TIME PROPERTIES IN PROCESS INTERACTIONS 98
3. CASE STUDY 101
4. COOPERATION MODELS 102
5. CONCLUSION 103
6. REFERENCES 103
CHAPTER 17. CONCEPTION AND ANALYSIS OF AN ATM BASED COMMUNICATION TRANSFER PROTOCOL FOR DISTRIBUTEDREAL-TIME SYSTEMS 104
1. INTRODUCTION 104
2. REMOTE IPC UNDER C/RT-UNIX 105
3. AN ATM BASED CONCEPT OF A COMMUNICATION NETWORK 105
4. ATM EXTENSION UNDER C/QNX 107
5. ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPT 107
6. OVERALL CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK 109
7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 109
8. REFERENCES 109
CHAPTER 18. SELF CONFIGURATION PROTOCOL FOR A HARD REAL TIME NETWORK 110
1. INTRODUCTION 110
2. OVERVIEW OF PHOEBUS IIX 111
3. INITIALIZATION AND CONFIGURATION PHASE 111
4. FUTURE WORK 113
5. CONCLUSIONS 113
6. REFERENCES 113
CHAPTER 19. GUARANTEEING SYNCHRONOUS MESSAGE SETS IN FDDI NETWORKS 114
1. INTRODUCTION 114
2. NETWORK AND MESSAGE MODELS 115
3. SYNCHRONOUS BANDWIDTH ALLOCATION (SBA) SCHEMES 115
4. PROTOCOL TIMING PROPERTIES 116
5. SCHEDULABILITY ANALYSIS 117
6. CONCLUSIONS 119
REFERENCES 119
CHAPTER 20. HETEROGENEOUS PROTOTYPING FOR DISTRIBUTED REAL-TIME SYSTEMS 120
1. INTRODUCTION 120
2. THE IDERS APPROACH 120
3. HETEROGENEOUS PROTOTYPES OF DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS 123
4. CONCLUSIONS 125
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 125
REFERENCES 125
CHAPTER 21. DEPENDABLE DISTRIBUTED COMPUTER CONTROL SYSTEMS: ANALYSIS OF THE DESIGN STEP ACTIVITIES 126
1. INTRODUCTION 126
2. THE DESIGN STEP OF DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEMS 127
3. MODELS OF THE SYSTEM AT THE DESIGN STEP 127
4. A DESIGN PROCESS MODEL 128
5. VALIDATION MODELS USED AT THE DESIGN STEP 130
6. CONCLUSIONS 131
7. REFERENCES 131
CHAPTER 22. DEADLOCK PREVENTION IN A DISTRIBUTED REAL-TIME SYSTEM. 132
1. INTRODUCTION 132
2. MODEL 132
3. MONOPROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE 133
4. DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS 136
5. CONCLUSION 137
6. REFERENCES 137
CHAPTER 23. ANALYSIS OF THE IEEE 802.4 TOKEN PASSING BUS NETWORK WITH FINITE BUFFERS AND SINGLE PRIORITY 138
1. INTRODUCTION 138
2. MODEL DESCRIPTION 139
3. MEAN QUEUE LENGTH DISTRIBUTION AND MEAN TOKEN ROTATION TIME 139
4. MEAN WAITING TIME AND BLOCKING PROBABILITY 141
5. NUMERICAL RESULTS 142
6. CONCLUSION 143
REFERENCES 143
CHAPTER 24. HOW TO SCHEDULE PERIODIC AND SPORADIC TASKS WITH RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS IN A REAL-TIME COMPUTER SYSTEM 144
1. INTRODUCTION 144
2. BACKGROUND 145
3. LOCAL SCHEDULING 146
4. OUTLINE OF THE SCHEDULING SCHEME 148
5. SUMMARY 149
REFERENCES 149
CHAPTER 25. LAN MEDIUM ACCESS CONTROL SIMULATION STUDY UNDER A REAL-TIME DCCS: AN AUTOMATED GUIDED VEHICLES SYSTEM 150
1. INTRODUCTION 150
2. THE AGVS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM 150
3. THE MAC SIMULATION PACKAGE 151
4. AGVS REAL-TIME COMMUNICATION REQUIREMENTS 152
5. MAC SIMULATION RESULTS 152
6. CONCLUSIONS 154
REFERENCES 155
CHAPTER 26. INTEGRATION OF WIRELESS MOBILE NODES IN MAP/MMS 156
1 INTRODUCTION 156
2 TECHNICAL BACKGROUND 156
3 NETWORK ARCHITECTURES 157
4 ROUTING 158
5 CONCLUSION 159
6 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 159
7 REFERENCES 159
CHAPTER 27. DEFINITION OF REAL TIME SERVICES FOR HETEROGENEOUS PROFILES 160
1. INTRODUCTION 160
2. CONTEXT PRESENTATION 160
3. SERVICES DESCRIPTION 161
4. CONCLUSION 165
BIBLIOGRAPHY 165
CHAPTER 28. A Distributed Real-Time Transaction Processing Environment For the CIM Applications 166
1. Introduction 166
2. Hierarchical Layers Presentation 167
3. Specification and Validation 171
4. Conclusions 171
5. References 171
CHAPTER 29. CONTROL DESIGN FOR AUTOLAB USING THE REAC-TIVE PARADIGM 174
1. INTRODUCTION 174
2. REACTIVE SYSTEMS AND THE SYNCHRONOUS APPROACH 174
3. AUTOLAB 175
4. THE ESTEREL LANGUAGE 175
5. CONTROL DESIGN FOR AUTOLAB 175
6. CONCLUSION 178
7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 179
8. REFERENCES 179
CHAPTER 30. A HIGHLY DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEM FOR A LARGE SCALE EXPERIMENT 180
INTRODUCTION 180
DELPHI ONLINE SYSTEM 181
DESIGN REQUIREMENTS 181
COMMUNICATION MECHANISM CONSIDERATIONS 182
DESIGN PHILOSOPHY 182
IMPLEMENTATION ISSUES 184
CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS 185
CONCLUSIONS 185
REFERENCES 185
AUTHOR INDEX 186