Practical Guide to International Standardization for Electrical Engineers (eBook)

Hermann Koch, Siemens AG, Germany Hermann Koch currently works in the field of high voltage switchgear and high voltage transmission lines with Siemens in Germany. He became Principal Expert after overseeing the installation of the first second generation GIL (gas insulated transmission lines) in Geneva, Switzerland in 2001. He is IEEE Fellow and Chairman of IEEE PES Substations Committee Working Group of the Gas-insulated Substations (GIS) book. In IEC he is Secretary of SC 17C High Voltage Switchgear Assemblies. In CIGRE he is member of the Strategic Advisory Group of SC B3 Substations. He has published 150 technical papers and holds 31 patents in the field of gas insulated technology.

Foreword

Mark Waldron xi

Bernhard Thies xiii

Markus Reigl xv

Damir Novosel xvii

Preface xix

Acknowledgements xxi

Abbreviations xxiii

Glossaryxxxi

1 Why Standards? 1

1.1 General Introduction 1

1.2 War on Standards 2

1.3 Main Players 3

1.3.1 Europe 3

1.3.2 America 5

1.3.3 Asia and Oceania 22

1.3.4 Africa 27

1.4 The Public View of Standardization 27

1.5 Right Timing 29

1.5.1 General 29

1.5.2 Innovation Process 29

1.5.3 Market Access 30

1.5.4 Regulatory Processes 31

1.6 Benefits of Standards 31

2 Framework for Standards 37

2.1 General 37

2.2 World Trade Organization 37

2.2.1 General 37

2.2.2 United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UN ECE) 38

2.2.3 United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UN ECA) 39

2.2.4 United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (UN ECLAC) 40

2.2.5 United Nation Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UN ESCAP) 41

2.3 European Union 42

2.3.1 General 42

2.3.2 European Commission 44

2.4 Regional 45

2.4.1 United States 45

2.4.2 China 47

2.4.3 Europe 50

3 Standardization Processes 53

3.1 General 53

3.2 Principles 53

3.3 Legal Relevance 57

3.4 Benefits of Standardization 57

4 Development of Standards 59

4.1 General 59

4.1.1 Basic Process 59

4.1.2 Organizations 61

4.2 International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 62

4.2.1 General 62

4.2.2 Mission and Objectives 62

4.2.3 Organization 63

4.2.4 Members 70

4.2.5 Types of Documents 73

4.2.6 Dresden Agreement 75

4.2.7 Steps in Standards 77

4.3 International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 79

4.3.1 General 79

4.3.2 ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee (JTC 1) 81

4.3.3 ISO Strategy 81

4.4 International Telecommunication Union (ITU) 83

4.4.1 General 83

4.4.2 Organization 83

4.5 CENELEC 84

4.5.1 General 84

4.5.2 Goals 85

4.5.3 Organization 86